Risk and Ethics in the Attempt to Contact Extraterrestrial Intelligence
John Traphagan
January 9, 2022
John W. Traphagan is a professor of religious studies at the University of Texas, Austin. His talk was about “Risk and Ethics in the Attempt to Contact Extraterrestrial Intelligence.”
He began with a question posed to the Pope: would you baptize ET? The problem being that Catholics only baptize humans. The Pope answered yes, if ET asked for it. However, this actually challenges the religious notion that humans are unique and created in God’s image. Referring to “Abrahamic” religions; others (and humanists) would not have such a problem.
But Traphagan noted that Christianity has in fact baptized many “aliens,” the native inhabitants of colonized lands. Who did seem alien to the Europeans doing it. [Yet not as alien as beings from the Planet Xorb – FSR.]
Anyhow, he noted that those encounters did not turn out so well for the natives, thus introducing his theme of their moral consequences. Central to his presentation was the SETI program – The “Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence” – mostly by combing the skies for radio signals that would be not just noise but with patterns indicative of intelligent sources. So far, none have been found. But Traphagan suggested that the newly deployed James Webb telescope may greatly expand our capabilities for detecting extraterrestrial life.
Traphagan pointed out that alien civilization is not a new idea; it actually came up in ancient writings. In 1877 the Italian astronomer Schiaparelli observed lines on Mars (actually a mis-observation) that he called “canali” – Italian for “channels” – which got mistranslated as “canals.” Thereupon speculation about Martian civilization was off to the races, sparking a whole genre of science fiction, epitomized by the film “Forbidden Planet.” [He failed to mention the great 1953 classic, “Cat-Women of the Moon” – FSR]
While Mars now seems pretty barren, life, and even intelligent life, elsewhere is far from far-fetched, given the vastness of the cosmos. We’ve already sighted at least 100 habitable planets orbiting other stars. On the other hand, the vastness of the distances mean that, barring some technology to overcome the speed of light, messages between planets would probably take centuries to go back and forth, thus obviating any sort of conversation.
Nevertheless, Traphagan posed two basic ethical issues concerning SETI. First, with regard to humanity, contacting another intelligence could be dangerous. He quoted Stephen Hawking saying that intelligence and predatoriness tend to go together. And human history shows that (as mentioned) contacts between disparate civilizations tend to go badly for the less advanced one. He posited that since the risk is not zero, no one has the right to undertake this. And any alien civilization with the capability to get here would so outclass us that we’d be defenseless; better not broadcast our existence.
The other ethical concern is what our messaging might do to them. He presented an elaborate hypothetical description of an alien society which, after contact by us, would be thrown into a tizzy. It turned out this hypothetical was actually based on pre-1868 Japan; and in Traphagan’s telling, Japan’s first contact with Westerners, in 1854, launched a sequence of events that culminated with Japan’s being nuked in WWII.